Investigation Of Energy Storage Devices in Rural Distribution System with The Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources

Abstract

The use of an electrical energy storage system reduces the irregular nature of renewable energy sources. The two most popular renewable energy sources are solar and wind energy. However, the availability of solar energy and wind energy depends on the geographical conditions, and the duration of energy generation from the renewable energy sources fluctuates with the seasonal variation.   With the availability of large open areas and geographical conditions, India has a large scope for renewable energy sources. Though, to meet load demand and maintain necessary power quality, all these sources need energy buffering. Electricity demand is constantly rising, and India has set a goal of generating 20% of its electricity from renewable energy resources by 2030. The placement of solar and wind energy sources must be defined, and the effective size of storage must be determined based on the load requirement, for optimum use of their capacity. Therefore, this paper defined possible locations and estimation of required energy storage devices at various locations to meet out the rural load demand. The advantages of energy storage devices were analyzed in terms of distribution transformer loading as well as energy storage devices can support energy variability from intermittent sources. Further investigation found that optimizing the usage of solar and wind resources decreases greenhouse gas emissions and reduces overall electricity prices.