Network Lifetime Enhancement in WSN Using Energy and Buffer Residual Status with Efficient Mobile Sink Location Placement

Abstract

A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of autonomous nodes with sensors to sense and
collect the status of the surrounding environment continuously. Characteristics of WSN are infrastructureless, self-organizing, and fault tolerance. One of the applications of WSN is living and sleeping pattern
reorganization in the home environment. The sensed information is transmitted to the sink node in a single
or multi-hop communication manner. The sink node is equipped with a sufficient amount of processing and
battery capabilities, but sensor nodes are outfitted with the restricted battery as well as processing
capabilities. The energy depletion of any sensor node directly affects the sensing coverage and thereby on
the network performance. Particularly the sensor node that is neighbor to the sink node faces the extra
overload and drops the information due to insufficient buffer. Moreover, the neighbor of sink node exhaust
soon due to the energy depletion. Thus the placing the sink node in a suitable position in WSN is a quite
vital design issue and it influences the performance of the WSN. The paper designs an efficient mechanism
for deploying the sink node to a suitable position. The deployment is based on the sensor nodes residual
buffer and energy status. The performance results are indicating that the projected mechanism enhances the
lifetime of the network with the energy efficiency of the network