Reducing the Energy Consumption in Clustered Wireless Sensor Network in Structural Health Monitoring System based on Enhanced Leach Protocol

Abstract

    A wireless sensor network is collection of sensor nodes deployed in a ad hoc fashion to sense physical phenomenon such as pressure, temperature, humidity, seismic event etc and route the information to sink system. . A structural health monitoring system is invented, achieved and attempted using Wireless Sensor Networks .Ambient vibration of the structure is audited and is implemented to identify the health status of the structure. With WSN, low cost monitoring is possible without intruding with the action of the structure. Much of sensor are deployed in area where human cannot enter such as deep sea, volcanic eruption, hence the sensor are limited in battery power.

     Hence the sensors are not rechargeable and limited with battery backup. A new sensor may be deployed when existing sensor drains. Several energy efficient routing protocol such as LEACH is proposed to extend the life time of sensor by clustering concept. In this cluster head is heavily loaded since it gathers information from all other member nodes and integrate then and forward to sink either directly or through intermediate other cluster head. I near future cluster head drain and we need to select another cluster head via re clustering. The re clustering also led to energy loss to select the cluster head based on weight age value.

       In our proposed system we implemented a modified form of LEACH protocol, enhanced LEACH protocol where we have cluster head node, cluster information isolation (CII) node and cluster monitor node (CMN).In this work of the cluster head node is splitted and given to CII node to increase the life time of CH node.

     CII node gathers information from all other member nodes and isolates then using neural network and forward to CH node.

     CH node forward information to sink directly or through multihop through other cluster heads.

      CM nodes monitor energy level the CII node and CH nodes and all other member node. When energy level is below the threshold value it automatically select another member node as a CH or CII node and reduces the re clustering operation.

    When CMN fails we need to go for re clustering but this we need to go for re clustering but this may happen only over a long period of time.